Improvements to the evaluation of 'In to White'
To create our thriller opening sequence 'In to White' we used different media texts for influence, helping us to challenge the media conventions and to develop our own further. From the way our final piece looks it is clear we used 'A mother's son' for inspiration, after studying this text we felt that the location of the sequence was hugely effective and felt our own thriller would benefit from this type of setting. For our piece we shot on a location similar to the one we studied, it was an isolated, rural setting on the coast which had a long single track that the boy could walk down. To challenge typical stereotypes of the thriller convention we decided to use a young boy as the main character instead of a young girl that is typically used in all the thrillers we studied. As reference to this we studied a film called 'Hide and Seek' where the main character is a young innocent girl, who finds herself in danger and to show our understanding of the convention we chose to cast a naive boy with similar characteristics as the girls character in Hide and Seek. Our other character in the sequence was cast as a threatening elder male, we chose this because in the film we studied it had an elder male as the antagonist and showed us that it fit with the typical thriller conventions and we felt it helped to develop our ideas of the convention further.
To add a sense of familiarity for our audience we used a young person as our victim and an elder person as the antagonist, this is a typical form for the thriller convention as proven through our case studies. We also dressed our victim in white to show purity however if given the chance again we would have dressed him in red to show danger.
Monday, 6 May 2013
Wednesday, 1 May 2013
Wednesday, 20 March 2013
Technology
Why have attendances increased?
They increased due to new technology, and would believe that seeing a movie in 3D would enhance their overall viewing experience, therefore more people went to the cinema to watch these 3D films because they couldn't get the same experience from watching it at home. The cinemas started to show popular television programs and big sports matches such as Wimbolden and Strictly Come Dancing increasing audience watching as the cinemas provided more. New technology seeks to enhance the overall experience for the viewer such as HD, 3D, IMAX and HFR. These technologies have helped to increase audiences throughout cinemas, as the chance for someone to see something new and of a better quality is appealing to a greater audience.
What is DFP and the VPF?
What problems face 'alternative' content?
It becomes too expensive because the BBFC have to go through a certification process with anything shown in the cinema which costs extra money which they won't make back.
They increased due to new technology, and would believe that seeing a movie in 3D would enhance their overall viewing experience, therefore more people went to the cinema to watch these 3D films because they couldn't get the same experience from watching it at home. The cinemas started to show popular television programs and big sports matches such as Wimbolden and Strictly Come Dancing increasing audience watching as the cinemas provided more. New technology seeks to enhance the overall experience for the viewer such as HD, 3D, IMAX and HFR. These technologies have helped to increase audiences throughout cinemas, as the chance for someone to see something new and of a better quality is appealing to a greater audience.
What is DFP and the VPF?
DFP- Supports small and medium sized cinema operators who seek to digitise their cinema.
VPF-A Virtual Print Fee is a fee paid by a distributor to the third party – the idea
behind it is that the distributors save money by shipping digital, rather than
35mm, prints, and so these savings are used to contribute towards the cost of
the equipment.
What may happen to those who don't use the DFP?
If cinemas don't use DFP in the future, eventually they won't be able to receive the new films. Also they won't be able to screen the new ideas such as showing popular television shows.
What problems face 'alternative' content?
It becomes too expensive because the BBFC have to go through a certification process with anything shown in the cinema which costs extra money which they won't make back.
The challenges of moving to Digital Cinema
Steve Perrin- Chief executive
Technical and Logistical
Financial
- Costs- around £50k per screen plus finance and other costs
- Major distributors unwilling to accept any lower standard
- No or minimal support
- Current funding mechanism(Virtual print fee) is complex and very difficult to access for small,individual operators
- General banking and economic environment
The VPF explained
- The VPF is a sum of money paid to a cinema when a film is played on a VPF supported system on the release date of the film (a 'turn')
- So, if a cinema plays enough first run films over the funding period, say 10 years, then it covers off about 75/80% of the equiptment and finance costs
- A good proposition for major, commercial operators e.g. a national circuit
- But, what about the smaller cinemas who play second run, or repertory-types programmes!
The digital funding partnership solution
- A 'co-operative' of some 400 screens covering all types of independently owned cinemas
- Collectively and in aggregate have sufficient first run programming (turns) to enter into VPF deals on the same basis as major circuits
- DFP acts as a 'quasi circuit' and has a fully financed deal with a third party whereby that party will receive sufficient VPFs to pay back all relevant costs
- The strategic beauty is that all cinemas benefit and none lose
- Scheme supported and backed by all studios, major UK circuits, BFI and Minister of culture.
- Competition for equipment and technical expertise for physical instillations
- Space and facilities required in projection booth (e.g. aircon, power, ADSL connectivity, Portholes, etc..)
- Training and 'mind-set' issues
- Loading and playing out content
- Security, unlock keys for encrypted content...etc...
- Basically a complete new way of operating
Maintaining the model
- Todays business plans are built around existing and historical distribution practices
- This needs to remain as the predominant methodology for at least 8/10 years to allow cinemas the time to recoup their outlay and take full ownership of the equipment
- New practices e.g. early VOD, restricted copies, may challenge the model and make life very difficult for a number of the cinemas over the period
- So, conversion is just the first step into what may be an uncertain world.
Friday, 15 March 2013
Case Study
Serious Sequence
Camera- In this part of the sequence the camera angles are very close up to emphasize the issue and how close it is effecting the character. The girl is very ill and the male is trying to comfort her so the camera moves back and forth between over the shoulder shots giving a perspective on each characters view points of the situation. I feel that these up close and personal camera shots and movements are used to increase the intensity of the issue and to show how much this is affecting them.
Editing- Within the sequence the editing cuts fast between camera movements while the characters start to argue however as they calm down so do the shots and they become slower and more relaxed to enhance the feel of the scene by mirroring the atmosphere.
Sound- In this section there is no music or other sound other than the characters voices and movements, I feel this was done because it highlights the discomfort of the characters and how there isn’t anything else to help them overcome any silent moments. The atmospheric sound is slightly muffled as if to show that something is hidden such as the danger the male character is putting the female in, also showing that he is harming her and affecting her health.
Mise en Scene- The atmosphere in this sequence is very awkward; this is helped to be perceived by the audience from the silent, intimate shots and movements. The lighting in this sequence is given from a small piece of natural light coming from outside suggesting, that if light represents life then it is behind her now and she can’t escape the dark shadows of the room. The colours are very grey and dank within the room as if they are in the shadows hiding from the outside world.
Light hearted sequence
Camera- For this the camera is further away showing less intensity than the last bit, the shots are slow moving following the characters movements.
Tuesday, 26 February 2013
Audiences and Institutions
- I agree that audiences do have a high level of self-determination when it comes to the nature of their response; because no two people are the same and have not had the same experiences in life therefore will not feel the same about the same image. Someones class and gender is a basic way to prove that a piece of media wont be interpreted the same way twice as it may not be understood or may not be deceived in the same way that it was intend to be. However i feel the statement that "Zombies" are not formed when looking at audiences response to media may be wrong as i feel people can easily follow the crowd when a certain image is perceived, for example something that may be found to be funny to someone would also appear to be funny to everyone else because others around wan't to 'fit' in with others in their social class.
Opening Sequence of Anna Karenina
The technical features of Anna Karenina in the opening sequence show that the theme is proven and introduced from the start for example the sound is started by the audience hearing the orchestra warm up and then it begins with typical theatre orchestral music. This theme is also recognized by sound when you can hear the 'hustle and bustle' of an audience seated waiting for the show to begin at the theatre. The editing shows that a date is given for when the play is set leaving nothing for the audience to guess with a time period for the film. It moves between close up more realistic shots to over sized movements such as ones performed by theatre actors very quickly, highlighting the play and film aspect of the movie. The film is shot very clearly with stage lighting and not natural light helping the audience to understand where the film is set. The costumes set a scene and help reiterate the date the film was set in and where, they are very bold costumes that are shown typically in plays. Within the Mise en Scene it is clear that the movements of the characters are bold and over exadurated like in a play so that the audience can see from afar what is happening.
Construction of Audience
Les Miserables
Age:
The elder generation are more likely to go and watch les miserables at the cinema because typically they are more interested in musicals that involve elder respective actors such as Hugh Jackson. Typically a film such as this would appeal to the higher social grade of AB this is indicated by very clean cut advertising with no gismos or bright colours also suggesting that they haven't tried to appeal to a young generation with adding bright contrasting colours, instead they have used a brown, white and black tonal range. The title of the film is written in gold suggesting wealth, which might appeal to the social grade AB.
Gender:
Other films of this type are attractive to a female audience, possibly because typically it is thought that men enjoy films that are exciting such as thrillers and action films. It is suggested that women are attracted to romantic comedies and musical films.
NRS Social Grade:
The NRS social grade for this film would typically appeal to an AB audience from the way it has been marketed, there was no release of an online game or anything that would particularly appeal to a DE audience. In the past films of this type such as 'The Kings Speech' and 'Black Swan have proved to be of the same social grade, from the advertising it would seem they have tried to target an AB audience by using gold fonts and stereotypical branding towards the film.
Characteristics and Values:
The characteristics of the audience of this film would be someone who enjoys music and of course musicals, or someone who may be a fan of the stage production or book of Les Miserables. It has been advertised typically for people that already know of the story behind the film and how popular of a stage show it is. The values of a typical audience member of this film may be someone who has a good moral compass and can believe where as someone without these values would struggle to understand what the film was about.
Life of Pi
Age
I feel that the Life of Pi would suit a young persons characteristics well because it involves fantasy elements typically appealing to the younger generation, however the story line seems to be some what difficult to understand and might be hard for anyone too young therefore it might also be suited to a much elder generation.
Gender
Typically with mystical and fantasy films gender would not matter as much because it is more classified with age, for example with this film a younger generation whether that's male or female. Having said that i feel that this film would appeal to a male gender better because it is found in research that males respond better to films in which the leading role is played by the same gender and as this one is, it would seem the same philosophy can be taken into consideration; also the fact that the other key element of the story line is a tiger would also appeal to a male gender because they respond better to a violent animal unlike females who might appreciate an animal such as a dolphin or a puppy.
NRS Social Grade
I would classify this film as appealing to a DE social grade because this poster shows a simple font with bold colours, attracting those in a lower social grade because it is not showing things such as the lead character living and working in the higher class which would appeal to a higher social grade as it would seem familiar.
Characteristics and Values
Someone that might enjoy this film would be an animal lover or someone that enjoys an adventure film, these are the main two that spring to mind while looking at this poster for the film. Their values would be of that they can connect to a young actor and see eye to eye with their feelings and actions.
Skyfall
Age
Typically i would say that the age group that would enjoy and benefit from this film would be an elder generation as they were brought up with the classic bond films however, the film has been re-branded for today's market reaching a broad spectrum of customers. The film is rated 12 therefore saying that it is appropriate for anyone over that age but teenagers also enjoy this as there is action and romantic plots throughout exciting younger minds and feelings.
Gender
I would say mainly that this film would appeal to a male gender as it shows a lot of action sequences and also the male protagonist is played by a good looking male making other men want to be like him and idolize him; but this works two ways as females admire his charm and good looks. Overall i feel it has been advertised for a male target audience appealing to the violent characteristics of men.
NRS Social Grade
The social grade for this film would be high because the protagonist is portrayed as being wealthy and clean cut like the higher social grade is categorized as being, meaning the audience can relate to the lead role. They can also familiarise themselves with his class and automatically feel comfortable and at one with the character.
Characteristics and Values
Someone who would typically watch this would enjoy an ending where the protagonist ends up 'winning' and the antagonist 'loosing'. Also they would have to appreciate elements of fantasy and action to enjoy the film to its highest potential.
I have come to these conclusions because i believe them myself after reading up on research to do with films and social grades, also after researching the marketing tools used for the case study i have chosen.
Age:
The elder generation are more likely to go and watch les miserables at the cinema because typically they are more interested in musicals that involve elder respective actors such as Hugh Jackson. Typically a film such as this would appeal to the higher social grade of AB this is indicated by very clean cut advertising with no gismos or bright colours also suggesting that they haven't tried to appeal to a young generation with adding bright contrasting colours, instead they have used a brown, white and black tonal range. The title of the film is written in gold suggesting wealth, which might appeal to the social grade AB.Gender:
Other films of this type are attractive to a female audience, possibly because typically it is thought that men enjoy films that are exciting such as thrillers and action films. It is suggested that women are attracted to romantic comedies and musical films.
NRS Social Grade:
The NRS social grade for this film would typically appeal to an AB audience from the way it has been marketed, there was no release of an online game or anything that would particularly appeal to a DE audience. In the past films of this type such as 'The Kings Speech' and 'Black Swan have proved to be of the same social grade, from the advertising it would seem they have tried to target an AB audience by using gold fonts and stereotypical branding towards the film.
Characteristics and Values:
The characteristics of the audience of this film would be someone who enjoys music and of course musicals, or someone who may be a fan of the stage production or book of Les Miserables. It has been advertised typically for people that already know of the story behind the film and how popular of a stage show it is. The values of a typical audience member of this film may be someone who has a good moral compass and can believe where as someone without these values would struggle to understand what the film was about.
Life of Pi
Age
I feel that the Life of Pi would suit a young persons characteristics well because it involves fantasy elements typically appealing to the younger generation, however the story line seems to be some what difficult to understand and might be hard for anyone too young therefore it might also be suited to a much elder generation.
Gender
Typically with mystical and fantasy films gender would not matter as much because it is more classified with age, for example with this film a younger generation whether that's male or female. Having said that i feel that this film would appeal to a male gender better because it is found in research that males respond better to films in which the leading role is played by the same gender and as this one is, it would seem the same philosophy can be taken into consideration; also the fact that the other key element of the story line is a tiger would also appeal to a male gender because they respond better to a violent animal unlike females who might appreciate an animal such as a dolphin or a puppy.NRS Social Grade
I would classify this film as appealing to a DE social grade because this poster shows a simple font with bold colours, attracting those in a lower social grade because it is not showing things such as the lead character living and working in the higher class which would appeal to a higher social grade as it would seem familiar.
Characteristics and Values
Someone that might enjoy this film would be an animal lover or someone that enjoys an adventure film, these are the main two that spring to mind while looking at this poster for the film. Their values would be of that they can connect to a young actor and see eye to eye with their feelings and actions.
Skyfall
Age
Typically i would say that the age group that would enjoy and benefit from this film would be an elder generation as they were brought up with the classic bond films however, the film has been re-branded for today's market reaching a broad spectrum of customers. The film is rated 12 therefore saying that it is appropriate for anyone over that age but teenagers also enjoy this as there is action and romantic plots throughout exciting younger minds and feelings.
Gender
I would say mainly that this film would appeal to a male gender as it shows a lot of action sequences and also the male protagonist is played by a good looking male making other men want to be like him and idolize him; but this works two ways as females admire his charm and good looks. Overall i feel it has been advertised for a male target audience appealing to the violent characteristics of men.
NRS Social Grade
The social grade for this film would be high because the protagonist is portrayed as being wealthy and clean cut like the higher social grade is categorized as being, meaning the audience can relate to the lead role. They can also familiarise themselves with his class and automatically feel comfortable and at one with the character.
Characteristics and Values
Someone who would typically watch this would enjoy an ending where the protagonist ends up 'winning' and the antagonist 'loosing'. Also they would have to appreciate elements of fantasy and action to enjoy the film to its highest potential.
I have come to these conclusions because i believe them myself after reading up on research to do with films and social grades, also after researching the marketing tools used for the case study i have chosen.
Monday, 11 February 2013
Definitions
Representation
Representation means something that has been constructed to look a certain way so that this act or characteristic becomes 'reality' or the 'normal' and therefore anyone or anything that is portrayed in this way is then categorised and looked at in the same way again. Representation may not always be how it is put on the screen but also how the viewer interprets it, for example male and female viewers would see a scene or act in completely different ways to one another. Indicating that it is not just how it is constructed but also how the audience sees it.
The Male Gaze
The male gaze is when an audience are to watch film that is in the perspective of a male for example women are seen as an erotic object or of a lower status of men as they walk in to the room they have power and dominance over any woman. Mulvey wrote that it was unfair that the male gaze took precedence over the female gaze, however she also argued that because of this the female and male gaze became the same thing over time because eventually women felt they were only seen in the way the male gaze suggested.
Representation means something that has been constructed to look a certain way so that this act or characteristic becomes 'reality' or the 'normal' and therefore anyone or anything that is portrayed in this way is then categorised and looked at in the same way again. Representation may not always be how it is put on the screen but also how the viewer interprets it, for example male and female viewers would see a scene or act in completely different ways to one another. Indicating that it is not just how it is constructed but also how the audience sees it.
The Male Gaze
The male gaze is when an audience are to watch film that is in the perspective of a male for example women are seen as an erotic object or of a lower status of men as they walk in to the room they have power and dominance over any woman. Mulvey wrote that it was unfair that the male gaze took precedence over the female gaze, however she also argued that because of this the female and male gaze became the same thing over time because eventually women felt they were only seen in the way the male gaze suggested.
Tuesday, 29 January 2013
The Film Industry
Production
The producer comes up with the original idea for the film they make the money to make the film, overseeing everything until the end including protecting the director and making everything possible. Nick Powell talks in the dvd about these four areas: development, making money, distribution and release indicating the areas the producer looks after the most.
A good script must include a story line that the target audience can relate to, having a structured begging, middle and end. During the script there normally will be a big event, then a crisis followed by a resolution if these are included and the director feels inspired by the script the film has a better chance of being successful.
For a film to have the best possible chance of success 'the package' has to be right and the people have to mold well together, it includes a good written screen play, the director, a good crew, a well constructed budget, good cast and financial's. script development is when the script is re-done and reconstructed many times until it is perfect for the film.
UK film producers may go to the regional film fund and the BBC's funds for finance. three to ten partners would be a typical amount for a film a co-production might differ this as it means other investments may be found overseas, the negative side to have one investor would be that they would have full control over the film and may try to be in control of everything as they are paying for it, meaning everyone else involved wouldn't have a final decision. In the end the budget a film has will decide which deal the film goes for.
The producer will decide the schedule for the film depending on the features needed within each scene, for instance a hard scene including visual effects or one shot at night or one including a lot of prep would be prioritized The cinematographer is the directors right hand man because he makes all the directors visions become visible.
The budget ensures that everything will be paid for its cut down by props and anything else in each scene making sure everything has been accounted for. The budget also means the investors can make an informed decision. Above the line costs are key cast members and writers and the director, below the line costs include pre-production and costume designers.
An executive producer should ask about the target audience of every film so they know where to market the film, the audience is so important because that's what makes or breaks any film and makes the money.
Marketing is considered a hidden cost because people don't think about how much it costs to publicize a film to the right kind of people, the importance of genre in marketing is huge because they know how to market it into a specific brand of people and where those people may see the adverts and posters. The time of year is important to create a sense of 'need to see' for the audience, also including branding of big stars in the cast and will be very important for the marketing team to take into consideration when branding. significant differences between Hollywood and UK film are the release date so they know when the money will be coming back in.
Distribution 1
The distributor brings the film to the market place, they sell films at film festivals if their an independent film and if their studio based they will make and distribute within the company.
A distributor will start with the u.s.p of a film when marketing it, such as the unique qualities for example the u.s.p of jaws is sharks, this will help to target the right kind of audience and specify the type of person who would see the film.
Genre is so important because they can then target the right audience who will be interested in the film.
Family are the most frequent audience between the ages of 15-24.
Its so important so the campaign can target at the right time and to the right people, the school holidays are so popular because more kids and their families can go and see the big blockbusters when there is more time to.
Film research is so important because they have to see if the film works financially and if people will like it, questionnaires are used to find out everything they need.
The budget is decided on guess work and experience, 25-30% will be spent on marketing.
The three sections of advertising include production cost, media advertising and promotions (media coverage).
Distribution 2
Distributors find it difficult to get their message out because there is so much competition.
The trailers posters and the unique look of a film such as the font of the title is the most important marketing tool for any film.
Synergy is so important because it has the same visual elements that everyone knows and recognizes for a specific film.
A poster is so important because it tells the public when the films coming out, it will sell the genre and what its all about and they become aware of the content of the film a good poster will include all these things.
The trailers so important because its the first glance the audience will have of the content, actors, the quality and what they will be paying for, it will give the right impact and stepping stone for the film.
There are three different types of trailer for a film which are:
Teaser- when its in early production
Main trailer- including dates and everything needed to know to someone wanting to watch it
Half trailer- this will come out after the film to keep people interested
The perfect trailer wouldn't have a voice over because the visuals should have a big enough impact alone, but it is genre dependent for example a comedy would have clips to entice and make an audience laugh where as a drama would be silent for a bigger impact.
A television trailer is different because its only 30 secs long and will only include the date, key cast and genre.
Distributors will use an official website, viral marketing and maybe a quiz to make full use of publicizing a film on the Internet.
Free publicity for a film will come with word of mouth and reviews that are put in the papers.
Tracking figures will come 4 weeks before the film comes out, it tracks the public's awareness of the film.
Word of mouth is so important because it will come from someone that the audience can trust and the business rely's on it.
Distributors create a buzz by preview screenings of the film to get the 'word of mouth' out there.
The opening weekend's 'three day figure' is so important because more money has to have been made than any other film that weekend to ensure the film will make lots of money.
Exhibition
In the summer of 2007 cinema attendances rose to the highest point in 40 years because more blockbusters came out than ever before.
One of the main problems in the 21st century is Piracy for exhibitors but digital projection is a positive thing.
Good films has risen cinema audiences and more screening rooms in cinemas, with more screens creating more times and space.
Older multiplex's were out of town because it wasn't economically viable before because of a lack of space they needed good access and parking but there has been a rise in multiplex's in recent years because it is not possible.
Curzon cinemas compete against the competitors because they can provide the right film for that area such as foreign films and art films.
Older people are part of the increasing change in cinema goers.
Film bookers decide where a film goes depending on what type of audience goes there, films are booked 4 weeks in advance and their decisions are reviewed on the monday after the films been released.
With 'mosaic profiling vue cinema found out who and what type of people came to the cinema meaning they could cater for different people in different areas.
People decide on which cinema to go to by what viewing times are available, the location, the facilities usually the brand of cinema is around the 7th or 8th priority on their list.
Curzon cinemas differentiate themselves by showing intelligent and foreign films.
75% of people who go to watch a film didn't know the brand or name of the cinema they saw it in.
Digital projection will mean a cinema will be able to show more films at more times and will be able to watch sports and concerts as well as films.
3D will change things because it will mean going to the cinema will still be an event to go out, however it will be more expensive, but it will be an experience for the viewer.
The digital screen network will helper smaller exhibitors reach a wider audience because it will be easier to set up.
Cinemas are attempting to differentiate themselves from home entertainment by making it into a spectacle and keeping it as an event and not something too easy.
The producer comes up with the original idea for the film they make the money to make the film, overseeing everything until the end including protecting the director and making everything possible. Nick Powell talks in the dvd about these four areas: development, making money, distribution and release indicating the areas the producer looks after the most.
A good script must include a story line that the target audience can relate to, having a structured begging, middle and end. During the script there normally will be a big event, then a crisis followed by a resolution if these are included and the director feels inspired by the script the film has a better chance of being successful.
For a film to have the best possible chance of success 'the package' has to be right and the people have to mold well together, it includes a good written screen play, the director, a good crew, a well constructed budget, good cast and financial's. script development is when the script is re-done and reconstructed many times until it is perfect for the film.
UK film producers may go to the regional film fund and the BBC's funds for finance. three to ten partners would be a typical amount for a film a co-production might differ this as it means other investments may be found overseas, the negative side to have one investor would be that they would have full control over the film and may try to be in control of everything as they are paying for it, meaning everyone else involved wouldn't have a final decision. In the end the budget a film has will decide which deal the film goes for.
The producer will decide the schedule for the film depending on the features needed within each scene, for instance a hard scene including visual effects or one shot at night or one including a lot of prep would be prioritized The cinematographer is the directors right hand man because he makes all the directors visions become visible.
The budget ensures that everything will be paid for its cut down by props and anything else in each scene making sure everything has been accounted for. The budget also means the investors can make an informed decision. Above the line costs are key cast members and writers and the director, below the line costs include pre-production and costume designers.
An executive producer should ask about the target audience of every film so they know where to market the film, the audience is so important because that's what makes or breaks any film and makes the money.
Marketing is considered a hidden cost because people don't think about how much it costs to publicize a film to the right kind of people, the importance of genre in marketing is huge because they know how to market it into a specific brand of people and where those people may see the adverts and posters. The time of year is important to create a sense of 'need to see' for the audience, also including branding of big stars in the cast and will be very important for the marketing team to take into consideration when branding. significant differences between Hollywood and UK film are the release date so they know when the money will be coming back in.
Distribution 1
The distributor brings the film to the market place, they sell films at film festivals if their an independent film and if their studio based they will make and distribute within the company.
A distributor will start with the u.s.p of a film when marketing it, such as the unique qualities for example the u.s.p of jaws is sharks, this will help to target the right kind of audience and specify the type of person who would see the film.
Genre is so important because they can then target the right audience who will be interested in the film.
Family are the most frequent audience between the ages of 15-24.
Its so important so the campaign can target at the right time and to the right people, the school holidays are so popular because more kids and their families can go and see the big blockbusters when there is more time to.
Film research is so important because they have to see if the film works financially and if people will like it, questionnaires are used to find out everything they need.
The budget is decided on guess work and experience, 25-30% will be spent on marketing.
The three sections of advertising include production cost, media advertising and promotions (media coverage).
Distribution 2
Distributors find it difficult to get their message out because there is so much competition.
The trailers posters and the unique look of a film such as the font of the title is the most important marketing tool for any film.
Synergy is so important because it has the same visual elements that everyone knows and recognizes for a specific film.
A poster is so important because it tells the public when the films coming out, it will sell the genre and what its all about and they become aware of the content of the film a good poster will include all these things.
The trailers so important because its the first glance the audience will have of the content, actors, the quality and what they will be paying for, it will give the right impact and stepping stone for the film.
There are three different types of trailer for a film which are:
Teaser- when its in early production
Main trailer- including dates and everything needed to know to someone wanting to watch it
Half trailer- this will come out after the film to keep people interested
The perfect trailer wouldn't have a voice over because the visuals should have a big enough impact alone, but it is genre dependent for example a comedy would have clips to entice and make an audience laugh where as a drama would be silent for a bigger impact.
A television trailer is different because its only 30 secs long and will only include the date, key cast and genre.
Distributors will use an official website, viral marketing and maybe a quiz to make full use of publicizing a film on the Internet.
Free publicity for a film will come with word of mouth and reviews that are put in the papers.
Tracking figures will come 4 weeks before the film comes out, it tracks the public's awareness of the film.
Word of mouth is so important because it will come from someone that the audience can trust and the business rely's on it.
Distributors create a buzz by preview screenings of the film to get the 'word of mouth' out there.
The opening weekend's 'three day figure' is so important because more money has to have been made than any other film that weekend to ensure the film will make lots of money.
Exhibition
In the summer of 2007 cinema attendances rose to the highest point in 40 years because more blockbusters came out than ever before.
One of the main problems in the 21st century is Piracy for exhibitors but digital projection is a positive thing.
Good films has risen cinema audiences and more screening rooms in cinemas, with more screens creating more times and space.
Older multiplex's were out of town because it wasn't economically viable before because of a lack of space they needed good access and parking but there has been a rise in multiplex's in recent years because it is not possible.
Curzon cinemas compete against the competitors because they can provide the right film for that area such as foreign films and art films.
Older people are part of the increasing change in cinema goers.
Film bookers decide where a film goes depending on what type of audience goes there, films are booked 4 weeks in advance and their decisions are reviewed on the monday after the films been released.
With 'mosaic profiling vue cinema found out who and what type of people came to the cinema meaning they could cater for different people in different areas.
People decide on which cinema to go to by what viewing times are available, the location, the facilities usually the brand of cinema is around the 7th or 8th priority on their list.
Curzon cinemas differentiate themselves by showing intelligent and foreign films.
75% of people who go to watch a film didn't know the brand or name of the cinema they saw it in.
Digital projection will mean a cinema will be able to show more films at more times and will be able to watch sports and concerts as well as films.
3D will change things because it will mean going to the cinema will still be an event to go out, however it will be more expensive, but it will be an experience for the viewer.
The digital screen network will helper smaller exhibitors reach a wider audience because it will be easier to set up.
Cinemas are attempting to differentiate themselves from home entertainment by making it into a spectacle and keeping it as an event and not something too easy.
Thursday, 24 January 2013
Key Features of Dramas
Soap Dramas
The key features of soap dramas are that they are long-running serials that are concerned with everyday life. Unlike a series, where each episode has a different plot, a soap will carry at least one storyline through to the next episode.They will often have a cliffhanger just before a commercial break to lead a viewer on to the next part, where as a series will have a definite answer at the end.
Youth Dramas
A youth drama will be aimed at teenagers, the story line will consist of story lines that relate to the younger generation and similar scenarios that young people might be in, such as relationships, drugs, pregnancy and friendships. They will target their audience with striking, social issues including a wide variety of character backgrounds.
Crime Dramas
There are two main types of crime drams, one off mini-series (consisting of around 3 episodes) and a long running series. A long running series will have a sub-plot throughout, building up characters relationships. Some crime dramas will focus on police inspectors and police units as a whole.
Fantasy Dramas
Fantasy dramas will consist of magic as a main theme or mystical creatures, many will take place in an imaginary world. These worlds will be filmed on a set therefore costing a lot to produce one episode with more imaginary props and backgrounds. The plots are often based on myths and historical dreams.
Medical Dramas
Medical dramas tend to be set in a hospital they run similarly to a soap where the actors who work there are the same and have build up on relationships and friendships. Each episode their will be new patients and clients, but they don't tend to carry into another episode unless it i s a two part episode. They tend to be quite gory and have high action sequences.
The key features of soap dramas are that they are long-running serials that are concerned with everyday life. Unlike a series, where each episode has a different plot, a soap will carry at least one storyline through to the next episode.They will often have a cliffhanger just before a commercial break to lead a viewer on to the next part, where as a series will have a definite answer at the end.
Youth Dramas
A youth drama will be aimed at teenagers, the story line will consist of story lines that relate to the younger generation and similar scenarios that young people might be in, such as relationships, drugs, pregnancy and friendships. They will target their audience with striking, social issues including a wide variety of character backgrounds.
Crime Dramas
There are two main types of crime drams, one off mini-series (consisting of around 3 episodes) and a long running series. A long running series will have a sub-plot throughout, building up characters relationships. Some crime dramas will focus on police inspectors and police units as a whole.
Fantasy Dramas
Fantasy dramas will consist of magic as a main theme or mystical creatures, many will take place in an imaginary world. These worlds will be filmed on a set therefore costing a lot to produce one episode with more imaginary props and backgrounds. The plots are often based on myths and historical dreams.
Medical Dramas
Medical dramas tend to be set in a hospital they run similarly to a soap where the actors who work there are the same and have build up on relationships and friendships. Each episode their will be new patients and clients, but they don't tend to carry into another episode unless it i s a two part episode. They tend to be quite gory and have high action sequences.
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